| Creating a Loop using a Vinyl Record - earliest method for looping |
Schaeffer discovered that he could lock-groove records. Instead of spiralling toward the center of the record, the needle could be made to stay in one groove creating a loop.
| Creating a Loop using Reel to Reel Tapes |
Creating
a loop consisted of taking tape with recorded material and splicing
the ends of the tape to make a loop. E
= Erase head; R = Record head; P
= Playback head
Short Loop |
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Long
Loop
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| Pitch |
Slowing the tape makes the pitch go lower. Speeding up the tape makes the pitch go higher.
| Reversing the tape |
Reversing the reels of recorded material and playing the tape backwards can be used to create reverse reverberations and attacks.
| Echo |
Straight line delay: The signal is recorded, monitored by the playback head, and sent back to the reverse reverberations and attacks.
| Flange (A type of Delay) |
Early flanging
effects were created by lightly touching the tape reel as the track was
being 'bounced' to another track.